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Fast Fact

Chicken pox is caused by the Varicella-zoster virus. It is usually a mild infection, and not life-threatening. Although children with this virus may be miserable for several days, and miss a week of school or day-care (stranding parents at home), they will likely recover from the 250-500 itchy blisters with nothing more to show for it than a few small scars.
Each year about 200,000 of the millions of people around the world who contract chickenpox become seriously ill with complications such as pneumonia or encephalitis (inflammation of the brain). About 2,000 of these people die.
Those who are at higher risk for complications include those with an already weak immune system, those with eczema or other skin conditions, adolescents, and adults.
Adults who get chicken pox usually have a much more severe, prolonged case than children. Pneumonia is common.
The rate of hospitalization for chickenpox is almost 900% higher in adults than in children. Adults are more than 20 times more likely to die from this disease.
Pregnant women face the additional fear of serious, even fatal, damage to the baby developing within.
In the past, multiple re-exposures helped to keep people's immunity high. Since the vaccine is now standard in the United States, the frequency of the natural disease should decline. Those who have had chickenpox as children will not be re-exposed as often, if at all. Their immunity may wane over time, making shingles and adult chickenpox even more common than they are now.
To date, those who have received the vaccine have a much lower incidence of shingles than those who actually had chickenpox over the same time period. Those who receive the vaccine also have a dramatically decreased risk of scarring.
Studies so far have found the chickenpox vaccine to be highly effective in preventing moderate and severe chickenpox in children (Redbook: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 2006).
For each individual, the vaccine seems quite safe. Reported adverse effects are generally mild -- soreness, swelling, rash (at the injection site), fever, tiredness, or fussiness are the most common. The vaccine is not recommended for immunocompromised people, or for pregnant women.
The American Academy Pediatrics currently recommends two doses of the chickenpox vaccine. Typically, the first dose of the vaccine is given at 12 to 15 months of age and the second at 4 to 6 years of age (at school entry). Older children who have not received two doses of the vaccine can receive their catch up shots 28 weeks apart.

see Fast Facts about the Chickenpox Vaccine »

Sexual Curiosity in Young Children

11.01.2002 Add new comment Send to friend Print this article

Related concepts:

Genital play, Toddler masturbation

Introduction to sexual curiosity in young children:

When a parent catches a boy playing with his ears, questions may arise about ear infections, but when a parent catches a boy playing with his stiff penis, subterranean concerns, anxieties, guilts, shames, questions, and regrets often rumble and stir within -- even if we believe that it's normal behavior.

What is sexual curiosity in young children?

Babies will often tug on the genitals in much the same way they tug on the ears or toes. Toddlers will begin to recognize that the genitals are special. They are far more interesting and more fun than toes. For some children, playing with the genitals becomes a comforting behavior not unlike thumb sucking. For a few, this settles into a time-consuming habit that takes them away from other important play and development.

If we take a step back, we can see that it makes sense that kids would want to explore their own bodies. When toilet learning becomes a focus of interest, we might anticipate that kids would also be curious about those parts of the body that have in the past been largely hidden under the diapers. Many kids will reach down every chance they get. This exploration produces pleasurable feelings, as we are well aware.

This behavior is usually called early childhood masturbation, but the term is misleading. This is not genital stimulation accompanied by sexual fantasy – that will be another challenge to face years down the road.

Toddlers just do it because it feels good. Unselfconscious delight!

Who gets sexual curiosity in young children?

Most children begin to explore their genitals at about the same time they begin to look more like little boys and girls than like babies.

Most, if not all, two-year-olds will engage in some degree of this behavior.

What are the symptoms of sexual curiosity in young children?

Just when we are beginning to adjust to their not being babies anymore, we are confronted with the sight of our little boy fondling his erection or our little girl moving her hips up and down on top of her pillow.

Boys will play with their penises. Girls will finger their vaginas, and sometimes even try to insert objects.

Is sexual curiosity in young children contagious?

How long does sexual curiosity in young children last?

Some degree of genital exploration can be present throughout childhood (and beyond). Young children often lose interest for years at a time.

How is sexual curiosity in young children diagnosed?

Genital play is usually discovered when parents, relatives, day-care providers, or parents of friends observe the behavior. If the behavior seems to be an obsession, or otherwise out of balance, discuss this with your pediatrician. Further evaluation may be needed.

Genital play is a normal part of development, but in some children the degree or nature of genital play can be a sign of developmental difficulties or sexual abuse.

How is sexual curiosity in young children treated?

Directly trying to get toddlers to stop touching themselves is a battle you cannot win.

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