It also has a role in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, traveler's diarrhea, shigella, and in both the treatment and prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Most bacteria must manufacture their own supply of folic acid or folate. Animals (and some bacteria) depend on outside sources of folic acid, getting what they need from what they eat. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are both compounds that block the internal production of folic acid. Thus these compounds are relatively safe for humans, yet lethal to many bacteria.
The sulfamethoxazole component of Septra is a sulfa (or sulfur containing) drug. It causes fewer side effects than the other sulfa drugs, but its side effects should be respected.
The most common significant adverse effects are allergic skin reactions. Most of these are mild, but occasionally they are quite severe. Septra should be discontinued at the first sign of a skin rash.
Excess sun exposure should be avoided by anyone taking Septra.
Sulfa drugs may precipitate in the urine, producing crystals that can cause bleeding, urinary obstruction, or kidney damage. This is best prevented by using the most soluble of the more than 150 different sulfa drugs (such as the sulfamethoxazole in Septra) and by drinking lots of fluids while on the medication.
Allergic kidney damage can also occur, underscoring the need to stop taking Septra at the first signs of an allergic skin rash. When Septra is used on an ongoing basis, occasional blood and urine testing (a urinalysis, CBC, BUN, and creatinine) can detect early signs of problems.
Septra should not be used in children with folate deficiency.
Septra interacts with Dilantin, with methotrexate, and with anticoagulant medications; it should be used cautiously if these other drugs are being taken.
Our drinking water is tested to look for the presence of toxic chemicals. Our air quality is monitored as well. Recently, several important studies have reported the levels of these chemicals in our bodies!
The CDC tested thousands of people for over a hundred different substances, many of which had never been tested before. The results were released on Jan 31, 2003. At about the same time, the Environmental Working Group, Commonweal, and the Mount Sinai School of Community Medicine released a study in Public Health Reports that tested for the most comprehensive list of chemicals ever, in a small number of people.
On average, each person in this study tested positive for over 90 different chemicals, most of which didn’t even exist when my parents were young. We know that when two chemicals are present, their effects are often multiplied rather than added.
Scientists have documented that when non-toxic levels of PCBs are mixed with low levels of dioxin, for instance, the combination produces 400 times the damage of dioxin alone. What might the effects of 90 different chemicals be, even at low amounts?
Both studies are wake up calls that the chemicals in our environment wind up in the bodies of everyday people. There are thousands of synthetic chemicals in common use. Some are wonderful; some are dangerous; most have never been adequately tested for safety. Even fewer combinations have been tested.
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