Related concepts:

Attention Deficit Disorder, ADD, Hyperactivity

Introduction to ADHD:

Over-diagnosed? Under-diagnosed? Probably both – and certainly real. ADHD affects children’s school performance and their relationships with others. Parents who are wondering if their children have ADHD are often exhausted and frustrated.

What is ADHD?

ADHD is a problem with inattentiveness, over-activity, impulsivity, or some combination of these. Scientific studies, using advanced neuroimaging techniques of brain structure and function, show that the brains of children with ADHD are different from those of other children. These children handle neurotransmitters (including dopamine, serotonin, and/or adrenalin) differently from their peers.

While we still don’t know exactly what causes ADHD, it appears that it is often genetic. Whatever the specific cause may be, it seems to be set in motion very early in life as the brain is developing. Other problems, such as depression, sleep deprivation, specific learning disabilities, tic disorders, and oppositional/aggressive behavior problems, may be confused with or appear along with ADHD. Every child suspected of having ADHD deserves a careful evaluation to sort out exactly what is contributing to his concerning behaviors.

Who gets ADHD?

There is a lot of controversy surrounding the actual number of children with ADHD. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) suggests that it occurs in 3 to 5 percent of all children. Other estimates are far higher or lower. It is diagnosed much more often in boys than in girls.

Most children with ADHD also have at least one other developmental or behavioral problem.

What are the symptoms of ADHD?

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) divides the symptoms of ADHD into those of inattentiveness and those of hyperactivity/impulsivity.