Birth Defects

A-Z Guide

Anorectal Malformations
Anal stenosis refers to a narrowing of the anal opening, which makes it difficult for stool contents to pass through... »
Cataracts
The lens of the eye is our window to the world. Normally, this lens is crystal clear, transmitting and focusing light.... »
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy, or static encephalopathy, is a condition where non-progressive damage to the brain results in a... »
Cleft Lip and Palate
Clefts are gaps in the developing lip and/or palate. They may be small notches or large open spaces. They occur because... »
Clubfoot
Clubfoot is a deformity of the foot and lower calf. The bones, joints, muscles, and blood vessels of the limb are... »
Congenital Heart Disease
There are many types of congenital heart disease. They can be very mild, or they can be quite serious. Some require... »
Congenital Hip Dislocation
Anyone can be born with DDH, but it tends to run in families. It is especially common in firstborn children. Hip... »
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Congenital hypothyroidism occurs around the world, but is fairly uncommon. It is twice as common in girls as in boys.... »
Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition where important membrane linings do not function properly. Thickened, rubbery... »
Deafness
Each year about 20,000 children in the United States are born with permanent hearing loss. Often this isn't discovered... »