Definition of Neutropenia – infants
Neutropenia is an abnormally low number of white blood cells called neutrophils. Neutrophils help the body fight infection. This article discusses neutropenia in infants.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow and released into the bloodstream to travel to wherever they are needed. Low levels of neutrophils occur when the bone marrow cannot replace them as fast as needed. A very severe infection may also prevent the bone marrow from producing more neutrophils.
Signs and tests
A small sample of the baby’s blood will be sent to the laboratory for a complete blood count (CBC) and blood differential. A CBC reveals the number and type of cells in the blood. The differential helps determine the number of different types of white blood cells in a blood sample.
Treatment
The source of the infection should be identified and treated.
Expectations (prognosis)
The outcome of the baby depends on the underlying cause of the neutropenia. Some infections in newborns can be life threatening. However, most infections usually do not cause long-term side effects after the neutropenia goes away or is successfully treated.
Review
Kimberly G Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. – 12/18/2009
