Alternative Names
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; Anemia – idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic
Definition of Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a drop in the number of red blood cells due to increased destruction by the body’s defense (immune) system.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an acquired disease that occurs when antibodies form against a person’s own red blood cells. In the idiopathic form of this disease, the cause is unknown.
Signs and tests
An examination may reveal an enlarged spleen.
Treatment
The first therapy tried is usually a steroid medication, such as prednisone. If steroid medications do not improve the condition, removal of the spleen (splenectomy) may be considered.
Expectations (prognosis)
Adults may have long-term disease that keeps returning. In children the anemia is usually short-lived.
Review
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. – 1/31/2010
